How to Treat Hemophilia in Infants

Hemophilia is a rare genetic bleeding disorder that affects the blood’s ability to clot properly. It is caused by a deficiency in one of the blood clotting factors, specifically clotting factor VIII (hemophilia A) or clotting factor IX (hemophilia B). Hemophilia primarily affects males, but females can also be carriers of the condition.

People with hemophilia may experience excessive bleeding and difficulty in clotting after an injury or surgery. They may also experience spontaneous bleeding episodes in joints, muscles, and other organs. The severity of hemophilia can vary depending on the level of clotting factor present in the blood.

There is currently no cure for hemophilia, but it can be managed with treatment. Clotting factor replacement therapy is the primary treatment for hemophilia, which involves infusing clotting factor concentrates into the bloodstream to replace the deficient clotting factor. Other treatments may include prophylaxis, which involves administering regular doses of clotting factors to prevent bleeding, and on-demand therapy, which involves administering clotting factors as needed when a bleeding episode occurs.

Types of Hemophilia

The three primary types of hemophilia are as follows:

Hemophilia type A. The absence of the blood clotting factor VIII is the root cause of this. About 90% of haemophiliacs have type A illness. This condition is also known as typical haemophilia or factor VIII deficiency.

Hemophilia type B. Factor IX insufficiency is the root cause of this. Christmas illness and factor IX deficiency are other names for this condition.

Hemophilia type C. This phrase is sometimes used by medical professionals to describe a deficiency in clotting factor XI.

What causes hemophilia in children?

Types A and B hemophilia are hereditary illnesses. They are transmitted from parents to offspring via an X-chromosome gene. Males have one X and one Y chromosome, whereas females have two X chromosomes.

The hemophilia gene is located on an X chromosome in a female carrier. There is a 50/50 probability that the hemophilia gene will be transferred to the unborn child when a female hemophilia carrier becomes pregnant.

• Sons who inherit the gene will develop the condition.
• A daughter who receives the gene will be a carrier.

None of the males will develop hemophilia if the mother does not have the gene, while all of the girls will be carriers if the father has the condition.

There is no known family history of hemophilia in around one-third of children who have the condition. In some situations, it is thought that a novel gene fault may be responsible for the condition.

Even though they frequently have normal amounts of clotting factors, those with hemophilia may be:

• Easily Bruised
• Increase bleeding by Surgery and dental procedures
• Bleed from the nose frequently
• Bleed profusely with your period

Normal bleeding is unaffected by hemophilia C, although, following surgery, there may be increased bleeding.

What are the symptoms of hemophilia?

Heavy, uncontrolled bleeding is this disorder’s most common symptom.

The quantity of clotting components in the blood affects how severe hemophilia is. When having major operations or teeth extractions, those with hemophilia who have levels higher than 5% (100% being the average for unaffected children) seldom experience bleeding. These kids might not even be identified until there are surgical-related bleeding issues.

When the factor VIII or IX level is under 1%, hemophilia is considered severe. Even the most routine everyday tasks might cause bleeding in young kids. Bleeding might sometimes happen without any obvious wounds. The joints and the brain are where bleeding happens most frequently.

BruisingEven minor incidents might result in bruises. As a result, there may be a significant accumulation of blood under the skin that causes swelling (hematoma). Due to this, most kids receive their first diagnosis between the ages of 12 and 18 months. The youngster is more animated at this time.

Easy to bleed

a propensity for slight injuries to cause bleeding from the gums, nose, and mouth. Haemophilia is frequently indicated by bleeding while cleaning teeth or having dental procedures done.

A joint is bleeding

If left untreated, hemarthrosis (bleeding into a joint) can result in discomfort, immobility, and deformity. The most frequent location for problems from hemophilia bleeding is here. With repeated occurrences, this joint bleeding can cause severe, agonizing, chronic arthritis, deformity, and deformity.

Blood entering the muscles

Swelling, discomfort, and redness can result from bleeding into the muscles. The area’s tissues and nerves may become more compressed due to swelling brought on by an abundance of blood in these places. Deformity and lasting harm may result from this.

Bleeding in the brain due to trauma or naturally

The most frequent and dangerous bleeding consequence in children with hemophilia is bleeding after an accident or spontaneously in the brain. Even a little hit on the head or a fall can cause bleeding in or around the brain. Blindness, intellectual impairment, and a range of neurological disorders can be brought on by small brain bleeds. If it is not identified and treated quickly away, it can be fatal.

Other causes of bleeding

Blood in the stool or urine is another symptom of hemophilia.

How to Treat Hemophilia In Children